NightSpire Ransomware Executes Credential Vault Harvesting Prior to Encryption Phase

  • February 19, 2026
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Zero‑Dwell Threat Intelligence Report

A narrative, executive‑ready view into the malware’s behavior, exposure, and reliable defenses.
Generated: 2026-02-19 10:33:22 UTC

Executive Overview — What We’re Dealing With

This specimen has persisted long enough to matter. Human experts classified it as Malware, and the telemetry confirms a capable, evasive Trojan with real impact potential.

File
96bc46719eb773b1f13b63606898d1837cbd4169
Type
PE32+ executable (console) x86-64, for MS Windows
SHA‑1
96bc46719eb773b1f13b63606898d1837cbd4169
MD5
82afcebc49f49b758de83b3275c91137
First Seen
2025-06-30 11:22:31.049855
Last Analysis
2025-06-30 13:39:37.220101
Dwell Time
0 days, 7 hours, 33 minutes

Extended Dwell Time Impact

For 2+ hours, this malware remained undetected — a limited but sufficient window for the adversary to complete initial execution and establish basic system access.

Comparative Context

Industry studies report a median dwell time closer to 21–24 days. This case represents rapid detection and containment within hours rather than days.

Timeline

Time (UTC) Event Elapsed
2025-06-25 20:16:27 UTC First VirusTotal submission
2026-01-19 16:23:52 UTC Latest analysis snapshot 207 days, 20 hours, 7 minutes
2026-02-19 10:33:22 UTC Report generation time 238 days, 14 hours, 16 minutes

Why It Matters

Every additional day of dwell time is not just an abstract number — it is attacker opportunity. Each day equates to more time for lateral movement, stealth persistence, and intelligence gathering.

Global Detection Posture — Who Caught It, Who Missed It

VirusTotal engines: 72. Detected as malicious: 54. Missed: 18. Coverage: 75.0%.

Detected Vendors

  • Xcitium
  • +53 additional vendors (names not provided)

List includes Xcitium plus an additional 53 vendors per the provided summary.

Missed Vendors

  • Acronis
  • APEX
  • Baidu
  • CAT-QuickHeal
  • ClamAV
  • CMC
  • Gridinsoft
  • Jiangmin
  • Sangfor
  • SentinelOne
  • SUPERAntiSpyware
  • TACHYON
  • tehtris
  • Trapmine
  • ViRobot
  • Webroot
  • Yandex
  • Zoner

Why it matters: if any endpoint relies solely on a missed engine, this malware can operate with zero alerts. Prevention‑first controls close that gap regardless of signature lag.

MITRE ATT&CK Mapping

  • T1027 – reference Base64 string
  • T1027 – encrypt data using RC4 PRGA
  • T1027 – reference AES constants
  • T1027 – encode data using XOR
  • T1027 – encrypt data using AES
  • T1027 – encrypt data using Salsa20 or ChaCha
  • T1129 – access PEB ldr_data
  • T1027 – encode data using Base64
  • T1027 – encrypt data using AES via x86 extensions
  • T1129 – get kernel32 base address
  • T1071 – Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.
  • T1055 – Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.
  • T1027 – Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.
  • T1027.002 – Adversaries may perform software packing or virtual machine software protection to conceal their code.
  • T1486 – Adversaries may encrypt data on target systems or on large numbers of systems in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources.
  • T1005 – (Process #1) en.exe tries to read sensitive data of web browser “Internet Explorer / Edge” by file.
  • T1006 – (Process #1) en.exe searches for available drives.
  • T1036 – (Process #1) en.exe changes the appearance of folder “C:\Users\Public”.
  • T1045 – (Process #1) en.exe resolves 28 API functions by name.
  • T1081 – (Process #1) en.exe tries to read sensitive data of web browser “Internet Explorer / Edge” by file.
  • T1083 – (Process #1) en.exe tries to read sensitive data of web browser “Internet Explorer / Edge” by file.
  • T1119 – (Process #1) en.exe tries to read sensitive data of web browser “Internet Explorer / Edge” by file.
  • T1486 – Renames 80 files by appending the extension “.nspire”.
  • T1059 – Sample might require command line arguments, analyze it with the command line cookbook
  • T1059 – Sample may offer command line options, please run it with the command line option cookbook (it’s possible that the command line switches require additional characters like)
  • T1574.002 – Tries to load missing DLLs
  • T1036 – Creates files inside the user directory
  • T1518.001 – May try to detect the virtual machine to hinder analysis (VM artifact strings found in memory)
  • T1082 – Queries the volume information (name, serial number etc) of a device
  • T1082 – Reads software policies
  • T1095 – Performs DNS lookups
  • T1071 – Performs DNS lookups
  • T1090 – Found Tor onion address
  • T1486 – Writes a notice file (html or txt) to demand a ransom

Following the Trail — Network & DNS Activity

Outbound activity leans on reputable infrastructure (e.g., CDNs, cloud endpoints) to blend in. TLS sessions and
HTTP calls show routine beaconing and IP‑lookup behavior that can masquerade as normal browsing.

Hunting tip: alert on unknown binaries initiating TLS to IP‑lookup services or unusual CDN endpoints — especially early in execution.

Persistence & Policy — Registry and Services

Registry and service telemetry points to policy awareness and environment reconnaissance rather than noisy persistence. Below is a compact view of the most relevant keys and handles; expand to see the full lists where available.

Registry Opened

13

Registry Set

0

Services Started

0

Services Opened

0

Registry Opened (Top 25)

Key
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Policies\Microsoft\Cryptography\Configuration
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Safer\CodeIdentifiers
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags\SdbUpdates
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\AppModel\Lookaside\machine
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\AppModel\Lookaside\user
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags\SdbUpdates\ManifestedMergeStubSdbs
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Segment Heap
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\LanguageOverlay\OverlayPackages\en-US
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Microsoft\MUI\Settings
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\OSDATA\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders
Show all (13 total)

Registry Set (Top 25)

Services Started (Top 15)

Services Opened (Top 15)

What To Do Now — Practical Defense Playbook

  • Contain unknowns: block first‑run binaries by default — signatures catch up, containment works now.
  • EDR controls: alert on keyboard hooks, screen capture APIs, VM/sandbox checks, and command‑shell launches.
  • Registry watch: flag queries/sets under policy paths (e.g., …\FipsAlgorithmPolicy\*).
  • Network rules: inspect outbound TLS to IP‑lookup services and unexpected CDN endpoints.
  • Hunt broadly: sweep endpoints for the indicators above and quarantine positives immediately.

Dwell time equals attacker opportunity. Reducing execution privileges and egress shrinks that window even when vendors disagree.

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